「Linuxコマンドまとめ」カテゴリでは、Linuxのコマンドについて、基本的な実行例とオプションを分かりやすくまとめます。
「locale」は、ロケールに関する情報を出力するコマンドです。
localeコマンドの基本的な使い方
localeコマンドの基本書式は、以下の通りです。
locale [オプション] [キーワード|カテゴリ]引数を付けずに実行すると、以下のように現在のロケール情報を出力します。
$ locale
LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=localeコマンドの主なオプション
- -a
- 利用可能な全ロケールを出力する。
「-a」オプションを付けて実行すると、以下のように利用可能な全ロケールを出力します。
$ locale -a
C
C.UTF-8
POSIX
en_US.utf8
ja_JP.utf8localeのヘルプ
使用法: locale [OPTION...] NAME
または: locale [OPTION...] [-a|-m]
ロケール固有情報を取得する。
システム情報:
-a, --all-locales 利用可能なロケール名を書き込む
-m, --charmaps
利用可能なキャラクタマップ名を書き込む
出力形式の修正:
-c, --category-name 選択したカテゴリ名を書き込む
-k, --keyword-name 選択したキーワード名を書き込む
-v, --verbose 詳細情報を表示する
-?, --help このヘルプ一覧を表示する
--usage 短い使用方法を表示する
-V, --version プログラムのバージョンを表示する
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/glibc/+bugs>.localeのマニュアル
LOCALE(1) Linux User Manual LOCALE(1)
NAME
locale - get locale-specific information
SYNOPSIS
locale [option]
locale [option] -a
locale [option] -m
locale [option] name...
DESCRIPTION
The locale command displays information about the current locale, or
all locales, on standard output.
When invoked without arguments, locale displays the current locale set‐
tings for each locale category (see locale(5)), based on the settings
of the environment variables that control the locale (see locale(7)).
Values for variables set in the environment are printed without double
quotes, implied values are printed with double quotes.
If either the -a or the -m option (or one of their long-format equiva‐
lents) is specified, the behavior is as follows:
-a, --all-locales
Display a list of all available locales. The -v option causes
the LC_IDENTIFICATION metadata about each locale to be included
in the output.
-m, --charmaps
Display the available charmaps (character set description
files). To display the current character set for the locale,
use locale -c charmap.
The locale command can also be provided with one or more arguments,
which are the names of locale keywords (for example, date_fmt, ctype-
class-names, yesexpr, or decimal_point) or locale categories (for exam‐
ple, LC_CTYPE or LC_TIME). For each argument, the following is dis‐
played:
* For a locale keyword, the value of that keyword to be displayed.
* For a locale category, the values of all keywords in that category
are displayed.
When arguments are supplied, the following options are meaningful:
-c, --category-name
For a category name argument, write the name of the locale cate‐
gory on a separate line preceding the list of keyword values for
that category.
For a keyword name argument, write the name of the locale cate‐
gory for this keyword on a separate line preceding the keyword
value.
This option improves readability when multiple name arguments
are specified. It can be combined with the -k option.
-k, --keyword-name
For each keyword whose value is being displayed, include also
the name of that keyword, so that the output has the format:
keyword="value"
The locale command also knows about the following options:
-v, --verbose
Display additional information for some command-line option and
argument combinations.
-?, --help
Display a summary of command-line options and arguments and
exit.
--usage
Display a short usage message and exit.
-V, --version
Display the program version and exit.
FILES
/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive
Usual default locale archive location.
/usr/share/i18n/locales
Usual default path for locale definition files.
CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
EXAMPLE
$ locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
$ locale date_fmt
%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y
$ locale -k date_fmt
date_fmt="%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y"
$ locale -ck date_fmt
LC_TIME
date_fmt="%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y"
$ locale LC_TELEPHONE
+%c (%a) %l
(%a) %l
11
1
UTF-8
$ locale -k LC_TELEPHONE
tel_int_fmt="+%c (%a) %l"
tel_dom_fmt="(%a) %l"
int_select="11"
int_prefix="1"
telephone-codeset="UTF-8"
The following example compiles a custom locale from the ./wrk directory
with the localedef(1) utility under the $HOME/.locale directory, then
tests the result with the date(1) command, and then sets the environ‐
ment variables LOCPATH and LANG in the shell profile file so that the
custom locale will be used in the subsequent user sessions:
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.locale
$ I18NPATH=./wrk/ localedef -f UTF-8 -i fi_SE $HOME/.locale/fi_SE.UTF-8
$ LOCPATH=$HOME/.locale LC_ALL=fi_SE.UTF-8 date
$ echo "export LOCPATH=\$HOME/.locale" >> $HOME/.bashrc
$ echo "export LANG=fi_SE.UTF-8" >> $HOME/.bashrc
SEE ALSO
localedef(1), charmap(5), locale(5), locale(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 4.15 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
latest version of this page, can be found at
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
Linux 2017-09-15 LOCALE(1)
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